For two decades, Emma Halmos from Monash University has changed the lives of people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Her work, alongside the team at Monash in Melbourne, pioneered the Low FODMAP diet, an evidence-based approach that has given relief to millions worldwide.

What is Low FODMAP?

The Low FODMAP diet was developed at Monash University in response to a frustrating reality: IBS sufferers had few options for effective symptom control. When researchers examined previous studies, they noticed a striking pattern—certain short-chain carbohydrates seemed to trigger IBS symptoms.

One of the best-known examples is lactose (the carbohydrate in milk), but the group also includes fructose in fruits like apples and pears, as well as other fermentable carbs. Instead of focusing on one carbohydrate at a time, the Monash team was the first to cluster them together under the acronym FODMAP (Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Mono-saccharides and Polyols). Their question was what if they restricted not just one but all carbohydrates?

Through rigorous clinical trials, the team discovered impressive results—the Low FODMAP diet significantly improved symptoms in around three out of four people with IBS.

Foods to Watch—and Alternatives

There are hidden culprits like garlic and onion, which form the base of many cuisines but are among the biggest IBS triggers. The good news: alternatives exist, allowing people to design a nutritionally balanced Low FODMAP diet.

A Flexible, Individual Diet

Unlike many restrictive diets, Low FODMAP is not one-size-fits-all. People tolerate foods at different levels, meaning flexibility is built in. Some may manage small amounts of onion, while others might follow a stricter routine during the work week, easing on weekends.

To figure out the right balance, Emma recommends working with a qualified dietitian, using a structured process:

  • A short-term elimination phase.
  • Careful reintroduction testing.
  • Finding the minimum restriction needed to stay symptom-free.

Since 2012, Monash has supported patients with the Monash Low FODMAP app, which helps users check foods, identify safe alternatives, and apply the diet more easily.

Beyond IBS

While IBS remains the main focus, the Low FODMAP diet shows promise in other conditions, including Crohn’s disease and endometriosis. Both present with gut-related symptoms such as diarrhoea, constipation, or abdominal pain. However, Emma stresses the importance of getting a proper diagnosis first before trying the diet, ensuring time and resources are not wasted.

Can IBS Go Into Remission?

Emma explains that IBS symptoms can come and go—flaring at times, then easing. Diet is one tool in managing these ups and downs. During stable periods, patients may tolerate a broader range of foods, but when flare-ups occur, returning to a stricter Low FODMAP approach can provide relief. Again, professional guidance helps keep the balance without unnecessary food restrictions.

Next Steps for Those Interested

For anyone considering the Low FODMAP diet, Emma outlines a clear pathway:

  • See your GP first for an accurate diagnosis.
  • Consult a dietitian for personalised guidance.
  • Use the Monash University FODMAP app alongside professional advice.

With this evidence-based approach, many IBS sufferers can finally regain control over their symptoms—and their daily lives.